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COVID-19, Vaccination, and Conspiracies: A Micro-Level Qualitative Study in Islamabad, Pakistan

Sana Alia, Saadia Anwar Pashaa, Atiqa Khalidb

Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, volume 95, issue 2 (2022), pp. 177-190

"Although vaccination is the only hope to fight against COVID-19, existing vaccine hesitancy is a thought-provoking phenomenon. Significantly, vaccine hesitancy is worsening the situation in Pakistan, leading to an increased number of COVID cases. In this context, this study aims to examine people� ... more

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Policy responses to false and misleading digital content: A snapshot of children’s media literacy

Jordan Hill

Paris: OECD (2022), 81 pp.

"This paper has four parts. First, it outlines current research and definitions relating to false and misleading digital content and looks at children's behaviour in the digital environment. Second, the concepts of media literacy, digital literacy and other relevant competencies are discussed. Third ... more

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Disinformation on Refugees from Ukraine: Boosting Europe’s Resilience After Russia’s Invasion

Alberto-Horst Neidhardt

Brussels: European Policy Centre (2022), 35 pp.

"The war in Ukraine is just the latest instance where attention-grabbing events have fuelled the rapid spread of false or misleading news about refugees and migrants. This Issue Paper examines the challenges posed by disinformation about refugees from Ukraine, as well as the responses taken so far t ... more

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Countering digital authoritarianism: Strengthening civil society capacity to reduce disinformation and digital authoritarianism in Iraq

Arlington, VA: Management Systems International;USAID (2022), 40 pp.

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Owning the Conversation: Assessing Responses to Russian and Chinese Information Operations Around COVID-19

Vera Zakem, Edward Lucas, James Lamond

Washington, DC: Center for European Policy Analysis (CEPA) (2022), 32 pp.

"Russia and China have created and amplified disinformation and propaganda about COVID-19 worldwide to sow distrust and confusion and to reduce social cohesion among targeted audiences. The United States government, the European Union, and multinational organizations have developed a series of inter ... ventions in response. These include exposing disinformation, providing credible and authoritative public health information, imposing sanctions, investing in democratic resilience measures, setting up COVID-19 disinformation task forces, addressing disinformation through regulatory measures, countering emerging threat narratives from Russia and China, and addressing the vulnerabilities in the information and media environment. Digital platforms, including Twitter, Meta, YouTube, and TikTok, have stepped up to counter COVID-19 disinformation and misinformation via policy procedures, takedowns of inauthentic content, addition of new product features, and partner with civil society and multinational organizations to provide credible and reliable information to global audiences. In addition, digital platforms are addressing COVID-19-related disinformation and misinformation stemming from a variety of state and non-state actors, including China and Russia. Several of these initiatives have proven to be effective, including cross-sectoral collaboration to facilitate identification of the threat; enforcement actions between civil society, governments, and digital platforms; and investment in resilience mechanisms, including media literacy and online games to address disinformation. Despite some meaningful progress, gaps in countering COVID-19 disinformation and propaganda stemming from Russia and China and unintentional misinformation spread by everyday citizens still exist. Closing these gaps will require gaining a deeper understanding of how adversaries think; aligning and refining transatlantic regulatory approaches; building coordination and whole-of- society information-sharing mechanisms; expanding the use of sanctions to counter disinformation; localizing and contextualizing programs and technological solutions; strengthening societal resilience through media, digital literacy, and by addressing digital authoritarianism; and building and rebuilding trust in democratic institutions." (Executive summary) more

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Verification, monitoring and responsible reporting in an age of information disorder: A guide for practitioners in Southeast Asia

Anne Kruger, Esther Chan, Stevie Zhang

UNESCO International Programme for the Development of Communications (IPDC) (2022), 41 pp.

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Action Plan: Combatting misinformation and disinformation for Caribbean media workers

Public Media Alliance;UNESCO;Association of Caribbean Media Workers (2022), 3 pp.

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Solidarity Through Cynicism? The Influence of Russian Conspiracy Narratives Abroad

Scott Radnitz

International Studies Quarterly, issue 66, sqac012 (2022), 14 pp.

"As conspiracy theories have become a popular form of political discourse worldwide, states have promoted conspiratorial ideas to advance their foreign policy goals. Yet, despite recent attention to the spread of propaganda abroad, scholars have not addressed whether and how conspiracy theories spre ... more

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Disinformation in the Global South
Top Insights

Herman Wasserman, Dani Madrid-Morales (eds.)

Guy Berger (foreword)

Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell (2022), xxv, 237 pp.

"In many parts of the Global South, coordinated political disinformation campaigns, rumor, and propaganda have long been a part of the social fabric, even before disinformation has become an area of scholarship in the Global North. The way disinformation manifests in this region, and responses to it ... more

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Building Trust and Reinforcing Democracy: Preparing the Ground for Government Action

Paris: OECD (2022), 229 pp.

"Democracies are at a critical juncture, under growing internal and external pressures. This publication sheds light on the important public governance challenges countries face today in preserving and strengthening their democracies, including fighting mis- and disinformation; improving government ... more

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Frontier Influencers: The New Face of China’s Propaganda

Fergus Ryan, Daria Impiombato, Hsi-Ting Pai

Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI), International Cyber Policy Centre (2022), 52 pp.

"This report explores how the Chinese party-state's globally focused propaganda and disinformation capabilities are evolving and increasing in sophistication. Concerningly, this emerging approach by the Chinese party-state to influence international discourse on China, including obfuscating its reco ... more

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Deny, Deceive, Delay: Documenting and Responding to Climate Disinformation at COP26 and Beyond

Jennie King, Lukasz Janulewicz, Francesca Arcostanzo

Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD);CASM Technology (2022), 115 pp.

"In February 2022, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) took an unprecedented step, citing mis- and disinformation and the “politicization of science” as key barriers to action. For the first time, a document accepted by all Member Governments stated that rhetoric from “vested ... more

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Parallel Public Spheres: Influence Operations in the 2022 Philippine Elections

Jonathan Corpus Ong, Rossine Fallorina, Jose Mari Hall Lanuza et al.

Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy;Internews (2022), 52 pp.

"This report examines the characteristics and consequences of influence operations in the 2022 presidential election in the Philippines. The report makes three main claims: a) the term "influence operations" provides a broader frame to identify personalities, platforms, and practices that hack publi ... more

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The Terror Times: The Depth and Breadth of the Islamic State Alternative News Outlet Ecosystem Online

Moustafa Ayad, Nadeem Khan, Aymenn Al-Tamimi

London et al.: Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD) (2022), 21 pp.

"This report highlights the networks, supporters, and the platforms of Islamic State disinformation disseminators, focusing on popular social media platforms as well as encrypted messaging applications. These disinformation networks are creating self-branded media outlets with followers in the tens ... more

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WorldCat (9)

Study Days Program Book

Signis World Congress 2022

Seoul: Signis Korea (2022), 108 pp.

"Study days is one of the most important programs to communicate the meaning of SIGNIS World Congress. In Seoul, we have keynote speakers, panel speakers and discussants participating from fifteen countries to discuss 'Peace in the Digital World', the theme of the World Congress, composed of three s ... more

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Russian Disinformation Efforts on Social Media

Elina Treyger, Joe Cheravitch, Raphael S. Cohen

Santa Monica: RAND Corporation (2022), xviii, 202 pp.

"We sought to better understand Russia's disinformation on social media and generate recommendations to better meet and counter this evolving threat. We relied on an analysis of Russian military literature, investigative efforts, official reports, academic and policy literature, media reporting, and ... more

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Effect of a social media-based counselling intervention in countering fake news on COVID-19 vaccine in Nigeria

Felix Olajide Talabi, Ikechukwu Peter Ugbor, Moyinoluwa Joseph Talabi et al.

Health Promotion International, volume 37, issue 2: daab140 (2022), 10 pp.

"The aim of this study was to understand the impact of counselling in countering fake news-related COVID-19 vaccine. We conducted two separate experiments. In the first experiment, we exposed the treatment group to fake news on COVID-19 vaccine through a WhatsApp group chat while the control group w ... more

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How Google’s Ad Business Funds Disinformation Around the World

Craig Silverman, Ruth Talbot, Jeff Kao, Anna Klühspies

ProPublica (2022)

"The largest-ever analysis of Google’s ad practices on non-English-language websites reveals how the tech giant makes disinformation profitable." (Introduction)

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Authoritarians on a Media Offensive in the Midst of War: The Informational Influence of Russia, China, Turkey, Iran and the Gulf States in Southeast Europe

Rumena Filipova, Vladimir Shopov

Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2022), iii, 127 pp.

"The publication analyzes the emerging trends of foreign authoritarian-state disinformation in the context of the war in Ukraine in a comparative manner focusing on 7 states of Southeast Europe (Bulgaria, Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Albania). It examines ... more

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Patient Zero: A Study on the Philippine Information Ecosystem

Rappler Research Team

Internews (2022), 115 pp.

"To illustrate the dynamics of the digital information ecosystem and how disinformation is seeded within this environment, Rappler explored cascades around the following themes: war on drugs, attacks against the press, and messaging around Martial Law and authoritarian rule. The themes were selected ... more

Disinformation in the Global South Top Insights

Disinformation in the Global South
Top Insights