Country and Region-Specific Safety Issues

Threats to press freedom and journalists' safety: A comparative study of Greece, Slovakia, and Spain

Mária Žuffová, Lambrini Papadopoulou, Jaume Suau Martinez

In: Media Pluralism in the Digital Era

Elda Brogi; Iva Nenadic; Pier Luigi Parcu (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2024), pp. 49-63

"Free journalism is indispensable for monitoring the actions of political representation, holding it accountable, exposing the misuse of power, and defending public interests. Fulfilling these roles assumes that journalists can do their job and pursue public-interest stories to the best of their abi ... more

Examining the Safety of Journalists in Benue State, Nigeria

Paul Aondover Igbashangev, Oliver Ayangeaor, Ahangba Andrew Akpam

[author] (2024), 16 pp.

"Journalists play a crucial role in disseminating information and ensuring transparency in society. However, in many regions around the world, journalists face significant risks and threats to their safety, hindering their ability to fulfill their professional duties effectively. This article focuse ... more

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Cross-national civilian reporting of the everydayness of war: Emerging citizen journalism practices in Palestine and Kashmir

Tawseef Majeed, Abushbak Ali M, Monisa Qadri, Atul Sinha

Journalism (2024), ?? pp.

"This article explores how Palestinian and Kashmiri civilians engage with the everyday reality of war. The focus is on understanding how citizens temporarily adopt the roles of war correspondents, contributing to the broader conflict narrative. Employing an inductive approach, the study integrates e ... more

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“The goal is to make you weaker”: Mental well-being and risks among European cross-border investigative journalists

Belle de Jong, Johana Kotišová

Journalism (2024), [no pag.]

"The increased scale of cross-border journalistic investigations brings about severe challenges: online harassment, physical violence, legal threats, but also emotional challenges and mental stress that can lead to burnout. The latter has never been the focus of studies on cross-border investigative ... more

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Egyptian Journalists’ Perceptions of Digital Journalism Training Effectiveness

Nagwa Fahmy, Maha Abdulmajeed Attia

Sage Open, issue January-March (2024), 20 pp.

"This study examines the perceptions of Egyptian journalists of the effectiveness of professional training in digital journalism and determines the training-needs of journalists to adapt to innovative journalism practices. The study applies mixed descriptive methods based on The Motivation–Hygiene ... more

Being a Woman-Journalist in a Polarized Context in Mozambique

Dércio Tsandzana

In: Patterns of Harassment in African Journalism

Lungile Augustine Tshuma; Trust Matsilele; Mbongeni Jonny Msimanga; Sadia Jamil (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2024), pp. 28-48

"This chapter addresses the issue of harassment in the media space in Mozambique. In fact, the issue of harassment of women in the media is a complex and multifaceted problem that can manifest in many ways. One aspect of this issue is the representation of women in media. Women are often objectified ... more

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“No One Is Going to Silence Me”: A Comparison of the Conditions for Press Freedom and Independent Journalism as a Prerequisite for Democracy in the United States, Sweden, and Egypt

Elin Rantakrans

In: Handbook of Applied Journalism: Theory and Practice

Leon Barkho; Jairo Alfonso Lugo-Ocando; Sadia Jamil (eds.)

Cham: Springer (2024), pp. 615-629

"This chapter looks at the status of the freedom of the press, and the legal possibilities and obstacles that affect media’s ability to hold power to account and safeguard the principles of democracy. The legal environment in countries as diverse as the United States, Egypt, and Sweden differs gre ... more

‘We’re Losing Our Bread and Butter Like Never Before’: Journalism in Bangladesh in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Shaharior Rahman Razu, Fajlay Rabbi, Mahdi-Al-Muhtasim Nibir, Farhana Hoque, Shahidul Islam

In: Communicating COVID-19: Media, Trust, and Public Engagement

Monique Lewis; Eliza Govender; Kate Holland (eds.)

Palgrave Macmillan (2024), pp. 65-82

"The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an increased challenge for journalists and media professionals worldwide. However, there is a lack of information on these adversities in many developing countries, including Bangladesh. Our study aims to explore these challenges and risks associated with journalism ... more

Evaluating the Legal Protections for Journalists in China: Challenges and Recommendations for Strengthening Press Freedom

Zhijie Chen

Law & Economy, volume 3, issue 5 (2024), pp. 33–40

"This paper examines the current state of legal protections for journalists in China, focusing on the challenges they face and proposing comprehensive recommendations to enhance press freedom. It analyzes the historical evolution of these protections, the existing legal framework, and compares them ... more

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Time to Act: Measures of Curbing Harassment of Journalists in African Newsrooms

Bhekizulu Tshuma, Lungile Tshuma

In: Patterns of Harassment in African Journalism

Lungile Augustine Tshuma; Trust Matsilele; Mbongeni Jonny Msimanga; Sadia Jamil (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2024), pp. 239-251

"This chapter discusses the safety measures that newsrooms should adopt to help fight various forms of harassment. The chapter comes against the background of previous studies having found that newsrooms are ill-prepared to address different forms of harassment. As a result, journalists are left wit ... more

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The Cost of Dissent in a Governance System Characterized by ‘Political Marketplace': A Phenomenological Study of Independent Journalists in Ethiopia

Abdissa Zerai, Getachew Dinku, Desalegn Aynalem

In: Patterns of Harassment in African Journalism

Lungile Augustine Tshuma; Trust Matsilele; Mbongeni Jonny Msimanga; Sadia Jamil (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2024), pp. 158-185

"The chapter examines the cost of dissent in a governance system that is structured by ‘political marketplace.’ Informed by Alex de Waal ‘political marketplace’ conceptual framework and employing a phenomenological approach, the chapter chronicles the lived experiences of nine independent jo ... more

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Pakistani Women Journalists: Occupational Hazards in Their Intersectionalities of Gender, Culture and Profession

Haroon ur Rasheed Baloch, Amira Firdaus, Iffat Ali Aksar, Farrah Dina Yusop, Jiankun Gong, Humaira Sharif

Journalism Practice (2024), 17 pp.

"Grounded in the intersections of culture, gender and occupation, this paper explores the challenges and barriers faced by “elite” Pakistani women working in a journalistic profession steeped in male dominance shaped by patriarchal values. One-on-one in-depth interviews were conducted with nine ... more

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Digital Surveillance, Online and Offline Harassment, and Feminist Media Politics

Millie Phiri

In: Patterns of Harassment in African Journalism

Lungile Augustine Tshuma; Trust Matsilele; Mbongeni Jonny Msimanga; Sadia Jamil (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2024), pp. 88-106

"This chapter examines the digital surveillance and harassment experiences faced by female journalists in Zimbabwe in the 2023 pre-election period covering the year 2022 up to August 2023. The examination is based on interviews conducted with seven purposefully selected female reporters and editors ... more

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Journalists' Repression, Harassment and Attacks in Eswatini and Botswana

Magnificent Mndebele, Mbongeni Msimanga, Lungile Tshuma

In: Patterns of Harassment in African Journalism

Lungile Augustine Tshuma; Trust Matsilele; Mbongeni Jonny Msimanga; Sadia Jamil (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2024), pp. 124-140

"Amid growing threats to journalists around the world, this study examines the nature of repression, harassment and attacks on full-time employed journalists and freelance writers in Eswatini. Given that harassment ranges from doxing, surveillance, religious prejudice, threats to harm family members ... more

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Harassment and Threats Faced by Journalists in Kenya: Implications for Press Freedom and Independent Reporting

Job Mwaura, Meghan Sobel Cohen

In: Patterns of Harassment in African Journalism

Lungile Augustine Tshuma; Trust Matsilele; Mbongeni Jonny Msimanga; Sadia Jamil (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2024), pp. 141-157

"The freedom of the press is a cornerstone of democracy and a critical component of a functioning society. In Kenya, like many other countries, journalists face a myriad of challenges when reporting on sensitive issues, including corruption and government wrongdoing. These challenges include physica ... more

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The growing norm of sexual harassment in Pakistan’s mainstream and ethnic news media

Sadia Jamil

Media Asia, volume 50, issue 3 (2023), pp. 397-417

"Across time, in a variety of forms and spaces -from homes and workplaces to digital domains of social media- women have become victims of sexual harassment. Over the last couple of years, the world has witnessed appalling cases followed under the #MeToo campaign that has inspired an increasing numb ... more

Online Harassment of Journalists in Zimbabwe: Experiences, Coping Strategies and Implications

Mphathisi Ndlovu, Nkosini Aubrey

In: New Journalism Ecologies in East and Southern Africa: Innovations, Participatory and Newsmaking Cultures

Trust Matsilele; Shepherd Mpofu; Dumisani Moy (eds.)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2023), pp. 95-111

"This chapter examines the safety risks faced by Zimbabwean journalists as they conduct their day-to-day professional work in online spaces. Given that journalists in Africa are increasingly utilising and adopting social media tools for news production and distribution, it is timely to examine the d ... more

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