Toolbox Management & Financing

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Podcast Production and Marketing Strategies on the Main Platforms in Europe, North America, and Latin America: Situation and Perspectives

María de la Peña Mónica Pérez Alaejos, Raúl Terol Bolinches, Andrés Barrios Rubio

Profesional de la Información, volume 31, issue 5: e310522 (2022), 16 pp.

"After an initial period of independent amateurism strongly conditioned by the technologies available, the podcast has achieved significant global popular recognition, as well as an increasingly important professional dimension thanks to the emergence and spread of new distribution platforms (podcas ... more

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El hormiguero: Informe sobre el estudio de medios nativos digitales latinoamericanos 2022
Top Insights

Germán Rey et al.

Fundación Gabo (2022), 247 pp.

"Presentamos este estudio como una contribución relevante para entender los profundos cambios y las tendencias del periodismo en América Latina, a partir de un análisis riguroso del paisaje mediático, así como del mapeo y caracterización de 1.521 medios nativos digitales verificados en 12 paí ... more

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50 Ways to Make Media Pay

Damian Radcliffe

What's New In Publishing (WNIP) (2021), 82 pp.

"This in-depth study explores some of the most popular tactics being used by news and other media organizations to diversify their revenue streams and generate income through a variety of different means. It does this by deep dives into subscriptions, paywalls, advertising, content and other establi ... more

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Los medios digitales también necesitan gestión: Guía de herramientas para ordenar las organizaciones periodísticas
Key Guidance

Mariel Graupen

Velocidad;SembraMedia;International Center for Journalists (ICFJ);Luminate (2021), 51 pp.

"Esta guía reúne y explica las herramientas básicas para la gestión de las empresas periodísticas. En el ecosistema mediático, encontramos medios nativos digitales de diferente tamaño, antigüedad, y con equipos diversos. Una de las claves hacia la sostenibilidad de los medios es la gestión ... more

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Business Truths That Matter ... or "Questions We Should Constantly Ask to Arrive at the Truth"

Koreel Lahiri

Media Development Investment Fund (MDIF) (2021), 27 pp.

"Media is a business, and just like any business, the fundamental skills one needs remain pretty much the same – these range from the reason you became an entrepreneur to critically analyzing your market to knowing your audience and knowing how to make the business sustainable. The best way to arr ... more

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Charitable Giving in the Media: Research Highlights

Erica L. Rosenthal, Adam Amel Rogers, Emily B. Peterson

Los Angeles: USC Annenberg Norman Lear Center, Media Impact Project (2021), 15 pp.

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A Deep Dive Into Digital Subs

Pierre de Villers

FIPP;CeleraOne (2021), 20 pp.

"FIPP and paywall market leaders CeleraOne have carried out a survey to gauge the global state of affairs when it comes to digital subscription offerings by leading media companies in different countries. The results gathered from 95 publishers in 11 nations – Argentina, Canada, Finland, France, G ... more

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Digital Media Outlets Need Management Too: A Toolkit for Managing Journalism Organizations
Key Guidance

Mariel Graupen

Velocidad;SembraMedia;International Center for Journalists (ICFJ);Luminate (2021), 52 pp.

"This guide compiles and explains the basic tools for managing journalism businesses. In the media ecosystem, there are digital native media outlets of different sizes and ages, with different types of teams. Two of the keys to sustaining those media outlets are team management and leadership. Howev ... more

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Independent Media in Lebanon: An Economic Outlook

Metn: Samir Kassir Foundation (2021), 10 pp.

"Alternative media platforms in Lebanon vary in size and expenditures. Annual turnovers range between USD 15,000 to almost USD 1.1 million. Editorial costs make up the bulk of all alternative media platforms. Namely the salaries of core team members and journalists, as well as the fees paid to freel ... ancers, correspondents, and outside consultants/writers. Secondary costs include production equipment, rent, operation, equipment, legal fees, and technical feels. All interviewed independent platforms are non-profit. Almost all members of independent platforms are motivated primarily by their love of the job. Most independent platforms have relied on volunteering, either totally or partially, from their conception to their current stage. None of the platforms interviewed have a devoted person or team in charge of marketing and sales in the traditional sense of buying ads or working on partnerships. Partnerships are usually rare, approached informally, by word-of-mouth and networks, and decided up by editorial teams. All platforms have one person (full-timer or part-timer) in charge of marketing the platform’s own content on social media, but not advertising other brands on their own platforms, except The961. Almost all the platforms are unsatisfied with the current promotion model on social media. Most concerns are related to the clash between the platform’s values and the ethics and politics of social media platforms. Complaints also touched upon the fact that independent media have to invest time and money to create content, and then they have to pay social media to host it, rather than get paid by social media. Some platforms, such as Khateera, have adopted a pragmatic mindset from the start. “Our only objective is to get our message across to as wide an audience as possible,” they said. All media have agreed that good journalism costs money and generates very little, therefore other revenue streams are required to sustain it. All independent media interviewed have relied mostly on grants, except The961. Grants provide core funding and project-based funding. Both Daraj and Megaphone have also relied on volunteers but have shifted away from it. Sentiments towards grants vary. Most platforms in Lebanon have chosen donors that are not related to national, local or foreign authorities; donors that preserve their editorial integrity: i.e., no interference in editorial decisions and alignment with values and ethics. They all have a good relationship with their donors." (Findings, page 3) more

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Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Media Sustainability in Latin America: Changes and Transformations in the Production Models, Sources of Income, and Products of Latin American Media

Agustín Espada

Montevideo: UNESCO (2021), 18 pp.

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Google Scholar (8)

WorldCat (8)

Entrepreneurial News Sites as Worthy Causes? Exploring Readers’ Motivations Behind Donating to Latin American Journalism

Summer Harlow

Digital Journalism, volume 9, issue 3 (2021), pp. 364-383

"This study uses surveys with readers of entrepreneurial news startups in seven Latin American countries to examine their motivations for donating to journalism. Using the donor–organization relationship from public relations scholarship as a framework, this study showed content, independent/objec ... more

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National Consultations on Solutions to Promote Media Viability While Preserving Media Independence: Consultations on Media Viability in Brazil, El Salvador, Indonesia, Jamaica, Lebanon, Namibia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Senegal and Tunisia
Top Insights

Amsterdam: Free Press Unlimited (2021), 33 pp.

"The intersection between media and politics remains very strong in several countries under study. In these conditions, there is often little transparency on media ownership and a lack of transparency on local funding sources of media. Relatedly, in some cases, a change in government policies was ra ... more

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From Start to Success: A Handbook for Digital Media Entrepreneurs
Key Guidance

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2020), 83 pp.

"This media viability handbook is unique in that it has been written by media startups themselves and presents the learnings of 21 digital pioneers including the Philippines' Rappler, Egypt's Mada Masr and Animal Politico in Mexico. The pages are filled with tips and information these media startups ... more

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Media Independence and Sustainability

Mira Milosevic

Global Conference for Media Freedom, November 16, 2020 (2020), 6 pp.

"Without new public funding, regulation of digital markets, and international support systems for non-profit media, independent professional journalism is in danger of becoming an expensive luxury rather than a universal public good. The press freedom and media development communities have joined jo ... more

Google Scholar (8)

WorldCat (8)

Handbuch Mediencontrolling: Performanceorientierte Steuerung in der Medienindustrie

Martin Gläser, Boris Alexander Kühnle

München; Tübingen: UVK;Narr Francke Attempto Verlag (2020), 564 pp.

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Budget and Finance for Journalism Collaborations

Shady Grove Oliver

Center for Cooperative Media (2020), 39 pp.

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Income Models of Independent Media in Difficult Contexts
Top Insights

Evaline Schot

Free Press Unlimited (2020), 48 pp.

"Diversification with age: The media in this research are in a constant process of diversifying their revenue streams. Generally speaking, the longer a medium exists, the more income streams a medium has. This shows that diversification of income models takes time and patience. Donor funding remains ... more

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Measuring Beyond Money: The Media Viability Indicators (MVIs)

Laura Moore, Ann Hollfield, Nadine Jurrat, Gerwin de Roy

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2020), 7 pp.

"This paper presents a new set of indicators to assess the viability of news media at a time when the discussion about the survival of quality media is omnipresent, while systematic, fact-based strategies to tackle the problem are omni-absent. As digital transformation is sweeping through the media ... more

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Accepting the Digital Challenge: Business Models and Audience Participation in Online Native Media

Sara Pérez-Seijo, Ángel Vizoso, Xosé López-García

Journal: Media, volume 1, issue 1 (2020), pp. 78-91

"The aim of this proposal is to present the evolution of the digital native media in Spain in order to compare their current situation with European success stories. For that purpose, we have conducted a comparative case study between three highlighted Spanish digital native news outlets and three f ... more

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How to turnaround a nonprofit media, start earning and rebuild the entire organization: hromadske transformation case study
Key Guidance

Iuliia Bankova, Jakub Parusinski

Kyiv: Hromadske (2020), 31 pp.

"In early 2020 hromadske reached a crisis point. Despite many successes achieved over 7 years of existence the organization was struggling motivation was low, staff turnover was high, previously set goals seemed irrelevant or unrealistic. The path forward was unclear. From March to September 2020 hr ... more

El hormiguero: Informe sobre el estudio de medios nativos digitales latinoamericanos 2022 Top Insights

Los medios digitales también necesitan gestión: Guía de herramientas para ordenar las organizaciones periodísticas Key Guidance

Digital Media Outlets Need Management Too: A Toolkit for Managing Journalism Organizations Key Guidance

National Consultations on Solutions to Promote Media Viability While Preserving Media Independence: Consultations on Media Viability in Brazil, El Salvador, Indonesia, Jamaica, Lebanon, Namibia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Senegal and Tunisia Top Insights

From Start to Success: A Handbook for Digital Media Entrepreneurs Key Guidance

Income Models of Independent Media in Difficult Contexts Top Insights

How to turnaround a nonprofit media, start earning and rebuild the entire organization: hromadske transformation case study Key Guidance

El hormiguero: Informe sobre el estudio de medios nativos digitales latinoamericanos 2022
Top Insights

Los medios digitales también necesitan gestión: Guía de herramientas para ordenar las organizaciones periodísticas
Key Guidance

Digital Media Outlets Need Management Too: A Toolkit for Managing Journalism Organizations
Key Guidance

National Consultations on Solutions to Promote Media Viability While Preserving Media Independence: Consultations on Media Viability in Brazil, El Salvador, Indonesia, Jamaica, Lebanon, Namibia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Senegal and Tunisia
Top Insights

From Start to Success: A Handbook for Digital Media Entrepreneurs
Key Guidance

Income Models of Independent Media in Difficult Contexts
Top Insights

How to turnaround a nonprofit media, start earning and rebuild the entire organization: hromadske transformation case study
Key Guidance